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Mildenhall Treasure
The Mildenhall Treasure is a major hoard of highly decorated Roman silver tableware from the fourth-century AD, found at West Row, near Mildenhall in the English county of Suffolk. It consists of two large serving platters, two small decorated serving plates, a deep fluted bowl, a set of four large decorated bowls, two small decorated bowls, two small pedestalled dishes, a deep flanged bowl with a deep, domed cover, five small round ladles with dolphin-shaped handles, and eight long-handled spoons (''cochlearia''). The hoard was discovered while ploughing in January 1942 by Gordon Butcher, who removed it from the ground with help from Sydney Ford, for whom he was working at the time. They did not recognise the objects for what they were, and the hoard did not come to the attention of the authorities until 1946. An inquest was held in the summer of that year, when the find was legally declared "treasure trove" and acquired by the British Museum in London. Many details of the discovery remained uncertain, not least because it took place in wartime. Academic opinion in the mid-20th century was generally reluctant to believe that such fine-quality Roman silver could possibly have been used in Roman Britain, and so there were many imaginative rumours and even doubts that this was a genuine British find at all.〔Richard Hobbs, 'The Secret History of the Mildenhall Treasure', ''Antiquaries Journal'' 88 (2008), pp.376-420〕 The numerous well documented discoveries of high-quality Roman material in recent decades, including the Hoxne Hoard, have set all such doubts to rest.
==History of display and publication ==
The Mildenhall find was placed on show in its entirety in the British Museum as soon as the necessary registration and conservation work had been completed following its acquisition in 1946, and it has remained a permanent feature of the museum's Romano-British gallery ever since, with occasional loans of some pieces to special exhibitions both within the museum and elsewhere.
John W. Brailsford promptly published the first brief, summary catalogue of the find,〔J.W. Brailsford, ''The Mildenhall Treasure, a provisional handbook,'' London 1947〕 and successive revised editions of this booklet were published in 1955 and 1964. A somewhat fuller, though still brief, study by Kenneth.S. Painter came out in 1977.〔K.S. Painter, ''The Mildenhall Treasure, Roman Silver from East Anglia,'' London 1977〕 (Note that the catalogue numbers in Painter 1977, cited in the descriptions below, correspond with the sequence of Museum registration numbers, 1946.10-1.1–34, established in the original curatorial listing of the objects). The most striking object in the treasure, the Great Dish (see below) has been illustrated and mentioned in countless publications, including a major paper on late Roman "picture plates".〔J.M.C. Toynbee & K.S. Painter, 'Silver Picture Plates from Late Antiquity: AD 300 to 700', ''Archaeologia'' 108 (1986), pp.15-65〕 More recently, Richard Hobbs drew the attention of the academic world to the importance of the fictionalised account by Roald Dahl,〔Richard Hobbs, 'The Mildenhall Treasure: Roald Dahl's ultimate tale of the unexpected', ''Antiquity'' 71 (1997), pp.63-73〕 and has since addressed the difficult issues surrounding the actual finding.〔Hobbs 2008〕 However, the treasure still awaits full and detailed scholarly publication.
Roald Dahl's story was originally published in the ''Saturday Evening Post'',〔Dahl, Roald (1947). "The Mildenhall Treasure" in ''Saturday Evening Post'' (20 September): 20-21, 93-4, 96-7, 99.〕 and later as ''The Mildenhall Treasure'' in his short story collection ''The Wonderful Story of Henry Sugar and Six More''. In Dahl's version of events, Ford was fully aware of the significance of the find, but could not bear to part with the treasure. He kept it and restored it in secret, but two of the spoons left out were seen by an unexpected visitor, Dr. Hugh Fawcett. As a result, Butcher was deprived of the full ''ex gratia'' reward made to finders of buried gold or silver, since the find had not been correctly reported to the authorities.
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